Saturday, 17 December 2011

L. Brent Bozell, Jr.

Leo Brent Bozell, Jr. (January 15, 1926 – April 15, 1997) was an American bourgeois activist and Catholic writer.

Family

His ancestor was Leo B. Bozell the co-founder of Bozell Worldwide. His wife was Patricia Lee Buckley, sister of William F. Buckley, and their 10 accouchement accommodate L. Brent Bozell III, additionally a bourgeois activist and the architect and admiral of Media Research Center, a bourgeois media babysitter accumulation and publisher. Another son, Michael Bozell, is a Benedictine abbot in Solesmes Abbey. The Bozell ancestors grew to 48 grandchildren and a abundant grandchild by the time Bozell died.1 His godson was biographer Tristan Egolf.

Early life

Bozell abounding Creighton Preparatory School in Omaha, Nebraska. Bozell was the accompaniment American Legion Oratorical Contest Best of Nebraska in 1943 and 1944, acceptable the civic appellation in 1944. He served in the U.S. Merchant Marine in the Pacific during World War II.2 Bozell bound to catechumen to Catholicism in 1946 but afterwards his father's afterlife that aforementioned year he deferred his accommodation until 1947 so as not to agitated his family.

edit Catholic conservative

Bozell and William F. Buckley Jr. advance their book McCarthy and His Enemies, 1954

"A young, active red-haired Yalie from Omaha", as he is declared in Before the Storm: Barry Goldwater and the Unmaking of the American Consensus, Bozell was the best acquaintance and debating association teammate3 of William F. Buckley, Jr. at Yale University, area he was President of the Yale Political Union and the campus World Federalists. Bozell accustomed to Yale as a Fresh Dealer; Buckley adapted him to abnegation and was dissuaded from the alienation of his accomplishments by Bozell in return. The two became attached and were inseparable. They formed a best agitation duo for Yale, with Bozell alms affecting able statements and Buckley agreeable in the cut-and-thrust that Firing Line admirers would appear to apperceive well. During the summertime of 1949 the two spent the summertime in Saskatchewan alive for one of the Buckley oil companies; by the end of the summertime Bozell was affianced to Patricia Lee Buckley, who was visiting her acquaintance Pat Taylor in Vancouver, after to become William Buckley's wife. Meanwhile in the abatement of 1949 Oxford had beatific a able debating team, Robin Day and Anthony Wedgwood Benn, to booty on the Ivy League, with alarming success— until they came to Yale. Taking the abrogating ancillary on the affair "Resolved: the Americans should nationalize all their non-agricultural industries", Buckley and Bozell baffled the Oxford aggregation 3-0.

After graduation he became a practicing advocate for a San Francisco law firm. Bozell and Buckley initially became complex with The American Mercury back it was endemic by Clendenin J. Ryan but after larboard because of the magazine's alluvion into anti-Semitism. The two co-authored a aegis of Senator Joseph McCarthy in 1954, McCarthy and His Enemies. Bozell and Buckley were arrive to agitation the affair of McCarthy with two Yale law professors; they won resoundingly. Bozell became a speechwriter and aldermanic abettor for the active Senator, activity on to assignment with McCarthy's aegis aggregation during the Senate admonishment hearings. He abutting Buckley, by now his brother-in-law, back he founded Civic Review in 1955, autograph the cavalcade on action and legislation. While alive with Civic Review he became a abutting acquaintance and bookish battling of the libertarian-inclined book area editor Frank Meyer. Meyer, abominable for the arduous cardinal and continuance of his blast conversations, corresponded best frequently with Bozell; Willmoore Kendall authentic an emergency buzz alarm amid Frank Meyer and Brent Bozell as one that disconnected the approved buzz alarm amid Frank Meyer and Brent Bozell.

In 1958 Bozell ran for the Maryland House of Delegates but lost.citation needed Afterwards this defeat he proposed the accumulation of a fresh political affair at one of the editors' black affairs in Fresh York; the abstraction was arbitrarily alone by the added fusionist editors Buckley and James Burnham.4 He after formed as a speechwriter for Senator Barry Goldwater, for whom he ghost-wrote the 1960 book The Conscience of a Conservative.5 He was a founding affiliate of Adolescent Americans for Freedom.6

In 1960 he took his ancestors to Spain for the aboriginal time, authoritative him absent from the Palm Beach accommodation of Buckley, Goldwater, Russell Kirk, and William Baroody Sr. to benumb out the John Birch Association from the bourgeois movement. Kirk accepted that Bozell would not accept had any acumen to be against to the decision7 but in actuality he, forth with Frank Meyer and William Rusher, protested the exclusion of the Association from the bourgeois movement.8 Afterwards the bootless attack to abstract Barry Goldwater at the 1960 Republican Civic Convention, Bozell, a able backer of a Goldwater candidacy, was aghast and affronted by the ambitious candidate's abutting endorsement of the abstinent Nixon-Lodge ticket. In 1962, acclamation a 18,500 able bourgeois assemblage in Fresh York City's Madison Square Garden, he issued a articulate adjustment to the Berlin administrator to "Tear bottomward the Berlin Wall," which would be echoed added abundantly 25 years after by Ronald Reagan, who exhorted Mikhail Gorbachev to "Tear bottomward this wall!"1

In 1963 Bozell larboard Civic Review in a altercation over the accent of Catholic attempt in affiliation to the bourgeois movement. Buckley had accounting a belittling editorial, "A Venture in Triviality", about Pope John XXIII's encyclical Pacem in Terris and amid the Civic Review agents the dismissive attitude of 'Mater si, magistra no' against Catholic amusing teaching on economics seemed to predominate. Patricia Bozell after said that the breach amid her bedmate and her brother was a amount of whether her bedmate was activity to be a "Catholic bourgeois or a bourgeois Catholic."

Conservative Catholic

In 1964 Bozell ran for the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland adjoin Charles Mathias, one of the leaders of the then-influential advanced addition of the Republican Party;citation needed references to the acute agnosticism and to the "arcana of Spanish legitimism" fabricated during his attack speeches may accept contributed to his loss.citation needed In 1965 he confused his ancestors to Spain purportedly because "you breathed the Catholic affair there"9 and, forth with Frederick Wilhelmsen and William Marshner amid others, founded the Catholic anniversary Triumph in 1966 which Bozell advised to be a barrier of Catholic acquiescence and a array of National Review for Catholics. The anniversary featured contributions from acclaimed names such as Russell Kirk (a Catholic convert), Christopher Dawson, Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn, John Lukacs, Thomas Molnar, Jeffrey Hart, Sir Arnold Lunn, Charles Journet, Rousas John Rushdoony (a Calvinist), and initially accustomed an agog endorsement by Buckley in the pages of National Review.

But the accord amid Bozell and his brother-in-law had already amorphous to sour; in March 1966, back Buckley wrote a cavalcade admonishing that Catholics should not try to seek legislation that would appoint on others their acceptance that aborticide is murder, Bozell wrote a letter to the editors of National Review agitation that the cavalcade "reeks of relativism... Mr. Buckley writes in this instance as admitting he had never heard of the accustomed law." Buckley was stung by the letter and had composed a absinthian reply, but absitively adjoin sending it. In 1966 Bozell appear The Warren Revolution, a bookish appraisal of the Supreme Court of the United States beneath Chief Justice Earl Warren. Despite his alteration to Spain Bozell remained acquainted of U.S. politics; he adjoin the Richard Nixon administration, intoning in the pages of Triumph that by acknowledging Nixon's antagonism in 1968 the bourgeois movement had "ceased to be an important political force in America".

He after repudiated his abutment for the American agreement itself, as able-bodied as his own book The Warren Revolution. Buckley abbreviated Bozell's fresh position as follows: "Bozell's apriorism now is that the republic of the Founding Fathers was bedevilled because of their abortion to abundantly absorb the burghal of man to the Burghal of God." Bozell himself acquainted conflicting from the United States in accepted and in accurate the bourgeois movement he was already a ascent brilliant in, accusatory abnegation as "an bare acting for Christian politics."10 Especially afterward the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision, Bozell began to see the United States as a force of angry commensurable in consequence to the Soviet Union and denounced both autonomous commercialism as able-bodied as Communism. Triumph arcadian Francoist Spain, criticized the contest arch up to the Vietnam War - including the U.S.-backed assassination of the Catholic President of South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem - and the conduct of the battle thereafter as clashing with Just War Theory, declared adjoin actinic warfare and nuclear aegis (the closing Bozell had already been a able backer of), and articular its bread-and-butter angle with distributism.11

Friends of Bozell abhorrent his accretion adherence to Catholicism, his radicalism, and his abandoning accord with Buckley (who was reportedly traumatized by the accident of his abutting friend) on declared brainy deterioration; Neal Freeman had said "Brent artlessly started to achromatize and you could see it happening, but you couldn't do annihilation about it." John Judis writes in William Buckley, Jr.: Patron Saint of the Conservatives: "The breakdown of their accord apparently could not accept occurred ten years above-mentioned or ten years hence. It was actual abundant a artefact of the agitated sixties, which agitated Buckley and which aerial him to fresh heights of celebrity, but in which added troubled, beneath abiding souls like Bozell capsized."

After founding Triumph Bozell additionally founded the Society of the Christian Commonwealth whose educational arm, the Christian Commonwealth Institute headed by Dr. Warren Carroll, conducted anniversary classes, lectures, and seminars at the El Escorial in Spain. The absoluteness of the aboriginal adroitness of and abounding of the donors to Christendom College had abounding the affairs in Spain and were subscribers to Triumph. Carroll after remarked in his obituary for Bozell that "In a actual axiological sense, Christendom College was a Triumph enterprise."12

Bozell was a allegiant adherent of Pope Paul VI and acerb dedicated his accusation of bearing ascendancy in the encyclical Humanae Vitae, admitting he disagreed with the Pontiff's decisions apropos the liturgy.12 He was a founding affiliate of and served as a appropriate agent for Catholics United for the Faith.13 Since its founding, Triumph teetered on the border of collapse and Bozell was planning on shutting the anniversary bottomward until Patricia Bozell abounding a appointment at the Catholic University of America featuring abolitionist feminist Ti-Grace Atkinson in March 1971. Back Atkinson said the Virgin Mary was added "used" than if she had alternate in a animal conception, Patricia attempted to bang her and her duke hit the microphone and she was escorted out. Back Bozell heard what his wife had done, he rose to his abounding acme (he was a tall, Lincolnesque figure) and bellowed "To Hell with Catholic University!"12 The absolute clairvoyant acknowledgment assertive him to accumulate the anniversary alive. In 1975, ancillary with the afterlife of Francisco Franco and the alpha of the Spanish alteration to democracy, Triumph accomplished publication.

In 1985 Bozell founded Misión Guadalupe, a affairs adherent to the abetment and evangelization of Hispanic immigrants.14

Bozell anxiously visited the inmates of Washington's Lorton Correctional Complex in Northern Virginia every anniversary for years until his death.1

Pro-Life Activity

In June 1970, three years afore the Roe v. Wade accommodation and back aborticide was actionable in best of the United States, Brent and Patricia Bozell led the aboriginal "Operation Rescue" mission to try by absolute activity to stop it at George Washington University Hospital in Washington D.C. area it was acceptable for the brainy abundance of the mother. Bozell and a accumulation of 230 rallied and met at St. Stephen Martyr Abbey for a "Funeral Mass for The Holy Innocents" acclaimed by four priests, including an African American, a Chinese, and a Hispanic. The beef included the Spanish accumulation "Los Hijos del Trueno" (the Sons of Thunder), who dressed in biscuit and red berets (reminiscent of the Carlists, whom Bozell came to adore while in Spain), wore Rosaries about their necks and agitated apostolic flags. They absolved a few blocks to the hospital from the abbey and Bozell put on his red beanie and took authority of a board cross. Patricia led the women present in a address of the Rosary. The accumulation heard speakers, including one who declared "America... you are daggering to afterlife your approaching of tomorrow. The actual cleanliness of your antibacterial annihilation gives off the fetor of death." Along with others Bozell was met by badge and was clubbed on the head. A badge administrator affective Bozell's cantankerous and bankrupt it in bisected afterwards he assaulted an administrator with it. He was befuddled bottomward and handcuffed. In the afterwards affray amid the protestors and the police, a bowl bottle window was broken. Bozell and seven others were arrested and accustomed abeyant sentences.

Four years beforehand Bozell had accounting "Disorder has become appropriate of a association back the streets of its cities, alike its country lanes, can no best be anesthetized cautiously at night." Back this was brought up to him afterwards the GWU episode, he replied somewhat testily: "If ataxia is all-important to stop this murdering of babies, I'm in favor of disorder."15 This affirmation abashed "law and order" conservatives already agitated with anti-war and apprentice demonstrations on the left. Buckley denounced his brother-in-law's actions, declaring in the pages of National Review "the Sons of Thunder accept confused adored few of the agnostic over to their side." Bozell and the Triumph agents were audacious and remained alive in aboriginal pro-life work, including the alignment of the aboriginal March for Life.

The awning of the January 1973 affair of Triumph was solid atramentous in aching for Roe v. Wade, except for a baby logo at the top and a white cantankerous and the words "For the children" in the lower appropriate duke corner.12

Illnesses and Death

Bozell suffered from bipolar disorder, autograph about about his experiences, suffering, and accretion in the addition to Mustard Seeds, a accumulating mostly of his post-National Review writings (including abounding from Triumph) appear in 1986. The book included "Poland's Cross—And America's," Bozell's aboriginal National Review article in about two decades. It additionally included the National Review article for which he may be remembered best, "Freedom or Virtue," which affected off a able-bodied agitation amid himself and Frank Meyer, mostly about whether abandon or advantage should be the ascendant application for American conservatives.

Bozell died of pneumonia in a nursing home in Bethesda, Maryland on April 15, 199716 afterwards several illnesses. His son, L. Brent Bozell III, batten of those struggles back acclamation him:

Dozens of times over...25 years the attacks would come, and with anniversary bout, yet addition blow, yet addition accessible humiliation. There were arrests and affected hospitalizations, escapes and re-arrests and recommitments. There was the amaranthine array of lawyers, police, doctors, and, yes, from time to time the State Department was on the band to abrupt us on yet addition -to-be all-embracing about-face acquired by this actual capricious man.

Manic abasement by itself is abundant to breach the spirit of any man, but Pop was no accustomed man. He suffered from borderline neuropathy, beddy-bye apnea, osteoporosis, degenerative disc disease, asthma, and Alzheimer's. One by one they came, and back it seemed that no allotment of his anatomy had been larboard clear yet a fresh affliction was diagnosed. We wondered how he could abide so much, acquire this ache with such nobility, with never one chat of complaint.17

Quotations

"I would favor antibacterial not alone the accomplished world, but the absolute creation out to the far-off star, rather than ache Communism to live."citation needed

"A bourgeois electorate has to be created out of that all-inclusive uncommitted middle—the abundant majority of the American bodies who, admitting today they vote for Democratic or Modern Republican candidates, are not ideologically conjugal to their programs or, for that matter, to any program. The botheration is to ability them and to adapt them."citation needed

"There is no greater absurdity in the creation than the credible bucking of our helplessness ('without me, you can do nothing') alongside God's 'helplessness.' Oh, I know, God is all-powerful, and so on; but he cannot disengage what he has done, and what he already did was to accomplish men free. This agency that he 'needs' us in adjustment to get us to Heaven as his lovers, and in adjustment to do his will in the world. All we accept to do in adjustment to annul those wishes -- to cede God 'helpless' -- is to say No. But God is not helpless, really, because he has benevolence -- himself. And what benevolence does is convert, change our hearts. Which God never stops aggravating to do until we are dead. This agency connected adversity for him, which is what Christ is all about."citation needed